In 1975, dairy farming was predominantly rural and small-scale, with milk being produced primarily for local consumption. This period marked the beginning of transformative initiatives like Operation Flood in India, which revolutionized milk production and laid the foundation for a self-sufficient dairy industry. Cows and buffaloes played a vital role in subsistence farming, providing milk, manure, and draft power.

By 1995, the dairy industry had advanced significantly, driven by technological innovations and urbanization. Milk processing units and cold storage facilities became more widespread, improving the quality and availability of packaged dairy products like cheese, butter, and yogurt. Urban demand surged as cities expanded, and improved breeding techniques enhanced milk productivity. Buffaloes gained importance for their high-fat milk, meeting the needs of products like ghee and paneer.

In the present day, dairy farming is a global industry, shaped by sustainability, innovation, and evolving consumer preferences. Smart farming technologies and AI-based herd management ensure efficiency and better animal care. Ethical treatment of cows and buffaloes is a priority, with an increasing shift toward organic and sustainable practices. The demand for value-added and health-focused products, such as lactose-free milk and fortified dairy, continues to grow.